According to the report, Iceland remained the most peaceful country in the world, a position it has held since 2008.
Nigeria has been ranked one of the least peaceful countries in the world, ranking 144 out of 163 countries in the Global Peace Index report as of December 2023.
Nigeria had a 2.713 score just behind the warring Israel.
This is contained in the 17th edition of the Global Peace Index (GPI), produced by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), which ranked 163 independent states and territories according to their level of peacefulness.
According to the institute, the GPI is the worlds leading measure of global peacefulness.
It said, This report presents the most comprehensive data-driven analysis to-date on trends in peace, its economic value, and how to develop peaceful societies.
The IEP further stated that the GPI covers 163 countries comprising 99.7 percent of the worlds population, using 23 qualitative and quantitative indicators from highly respected sources, and measures the state of peace across three domains which include: the level of Societal Safety and Security; the extent of Ongoing Domestic and International Conflict; and the degree of Militarisation.
The report also included an analysis of current conflicts and potential future conflicts, including an analysis of the likely economic impact of a Chinese blockade of Taiwan on the global economy.
The institute said this years results found that the average level of global peacefulness deteriorated by 0.42 percent.
This is the thirteenth deterioration in peacefulness in the last 15 years, with 84 countries improving and 79 deteriorating in peacefulness in 2022, it added.
According to the report, Iceland remained the most peaceful country in the world, a position it has held since 2008.
It is joined at the top of the index by Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, and Austria, while Afghanistan came as the least peaceful country in the world for the eighth consecutive year, followed by Yemen, Syria, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
All these countries in both groups, other than Ireland, have always been ranked amongst the ten most peaceful or least peaceful countries, highlighting the stickiness of peacefulness at both ends of the Index.
The war in Ukraine had a significant impact on global peacefulness, with Ukraine and Russia having the largest and fifth largest deteriorations in peacefulness respectively. Haiti, Mali, and Israel were the other countries with the largest deteriorations.
The largest improvement in peacefulness occurred in Libya for the second successive year, followed by Burundi, Oman, Côte d''Ivoire, and Afghanistan. Europe is the most peaceful region in the world and is home to seven of the ten most peaceful countries.
The other three most peaceful countries are in the AsiaPacific region. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remained the worlds least peaceful region. It is home to four of the ten least peaceful countries, however it was also the region with the largest improvement in peace. The largest improvements occurred in MENA and North America. North Americas improvement was driven by improvements in Canada.
In the MENA region Ongoing Conflict domain was the primary driver of the improvement, with terrorism impact, internal conflicts fought, and deaths from internal conflict all improving. The largest regional deterioration occurred in the Russia and Eurasia region.
Although this was primarily driven by a deterioration in peacefulness in Ukraine and Russia, many other countries in the region also experienced significant falls in peacefulness. Of the 23 indicators in the GPI, ten recorded improvements, eleven deteriorated, and two recorded no change.
The Safety and Security and Ongoing Conflict domains both deteriorated, while the Militarisation domain recorded a slight improvement, continuing a long-term trend of improvement. The largest year-on-year deteriorations occurred on the external conflicts fought, deaths from internal conflict and political instability indicators.
The number of battle deaths had been rising even before the Ukraine conflict began, with the total number of conflict-related deaths rising by 45 per cent between 2020 and 2021. On a more positive note, there were substantial improvements for several Safety and Security indicators, including terrorism impact and the homicide rate, the report added.
It further stated that several countries in the Central America and Caribbean recorded reductions in the number of homicides, although the region still has the highest homicide rate on average of any area in the GPI.
According to the report, over the last 15 years, the world has become less peaceful, with the average country score deteriorating by five percent.
Of the 163 countries in the GPI, 95 recorded deteriorations, while 66 recorded improvements and two recorded no change in score. Sixteen of the 23 GPI indicators deteriorated between 2008 and 2023 while eight improved.
Two of the three GPI domains have deteriorated since 2008, with Ongoing Conflict deteriorating by 14 per cent and Safety and Security deteriorating by 5.4 per cent. Militarization was the only domain to improve.
Some of the largest indicator deteriorations were for external conflicts fought, internal conflicts fought, number of refugees and IDPs and violent demonstrations.
There were 120 countries where the number of violent demonstrations increased over the past fifteen years, compared to just 20 where it fell.
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